Masimbi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana kubva pakuvaka kusvika pakugadzira. Zvisinei, vanhu vakawanda vanoshamisika kana simbi ine porous. Muchinyorwa chino, tinokurukura kuti porosity chii, kuti inobata sei simbi, uye kupindura mimwe mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve porosity musimbi.
Chii chinonzi porosity?
Porosity chiyero chenzvimbo isina chinhu (pores) mukati mechinhu. Ndiyo reshiyo yehuwandu hwenzvimbo idzi dzisina chinhu kusvika kuhuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvinhu. Porosity inokanganisa chimiro chemuviri uye chemichina yemidziyo senge density, simba uye permeability.
Kune Mhando dzakasiyana dzePorosity, kusanganisira:
Yakavharwa Porosity:Voids iyo isina kubatana nepamusoro pechinhu.
Open porosity:Iyo voids yakabatana nepamusoro pechinhu.
Kuburikidza nePorosity:Iwo ma voids akabatana kune ese ari maviri kumeso echinhu.
Mimwe mienzaniso yemidziyo ine porous masiponji, pepa, uye furo, nepo zvisiri-porous zvinhu zvinosanganisira girazi, ceramics, uye mamwe simbi.
Chii chinonzi porous?
Porous ishoko rinotsanangudza chinhu chine maburi kana maburi anotendera mvura kana magasi kupindamo. Nemamwe mashoko, rinoreva kugona kwechinhu kutora kana kutibvumira kuti zvinhu zvipfuure. Porous zvinhu zvine nzvimbo yakakwirira uye inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai sefiltration, insulation uye absorption.
Mienzaniso yePorous uye Non-Porous Materials
1. Mimwe Mienzaniso Yezvibodzwa zvePorous ndeiyi:
chipanje
ivhu
huni
Foam
Pepa
marasha
2. Mimwe Mienzaniso Yezvinhu Zvisina Porous Ndeizvi:
Girazi
Ceramics
Mamwe masimbi (akadai segoridhe, sirivheri, uye platinamu)
plastiki (zvichienderana nerudzi)
Porosity muSimbi
Simbi dzinogona kunge dziine porous nekuda kwemaitiro ekugadzira kana kushandiswa kwakarongwa. Porous metals inogona kuva nezvivakwa zvakaita sekuwedzera nzvimbo yepasi, yakakwidziridzwa yekupisa uye magetsi conductivity, uye yakagadziridzwa kusefa kugona.
Semuenzaniso, simbi isina tsvina inogona kuva porous nekuda kwekuvapo kwe welds kana kuumbwa kwekuora. Aluminium inogona zvakare kuve porous nekuda kwekuumbwa kweokisidhi layer kana tsvina musimbi. Simbi inogona kunge iine porous nekuda kwekugadzira kwayo maitiro kana kuratidzwa kune nharaunda dzinoora.
Kuedzwa kwePorosity muSimbi
Kuti uone porosity yesimbi, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kushandiswa, dzakadai se:
Metallographic analysis:Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa maikorosikopu kuongorora chimiro chesimbi.
Radhiyogiramu:Izvi zvinosanganisira kuburitsa simbi kuX-rays kuti ione mukati.
Ultrasonic bvunzo:Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa mafungu eruzha epamusoro kuona mavhodhi emukati.
Gasi pycnometric nzira:Izvi zvinosanganisira kuyera huwandu hwegasi rinobviswa nechinhu chakasimba.
Imwe neimwe nzira ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira uye inogona kusarudzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Porous Metal Applications
Porous metals inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa mumaindasitiri, kusanganisira:
Motokari:Inoshandiswa mumafuta jekiseni masisitimu, mafirita emhepo uye exhaust masisitimu.
Kurapa:Zvekudyara, mazino ekuisa uye midziyo yekuvhiya.
Zvemagetsi:Zvekupisa sinks uye electromagnetic shielding.
Aerospace:Kune matangi emafuta, zvinopisa kupisa uye mafirita.
Kuvaka:Kune acoustic panels uye facade cladding.
Zvimwe zvezvakanyanya kufarirwa zvakawedzera zvigadzirwa zvesimbi pamusika zvinosanganisira yakawedzera simbi sheet,
yakawedzera simbi chubhu, yakawedzera aluminium sheet, yakawedzera aluminium sheet, uye yakawedzera furo resimbi.
Nzira yekudzivirira Pores muMetal
Blowholes inogona kudzivirirwa nekutora matanho anotevera:
Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera kwezvinhu zvakasvibiswa uye alloys.
Kugadzirira kwakakodzera kwesimbi kusati kwaitwa welding kana kubatana.
Yakakodzera welding kana kujoinha matekiniki uye paramita.
Shandisa kudzivirira gasi kana flux.
Deredza kuratidzwa munzvimbo dzinoora.
Nekutora matanho aya, kuumbwa kwevoids musimbi kunogona kuderedzwa, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakasimba uye zvakavimbika zvigadzirwa zvesimbi.
Is Stainless Steel Porous?
Simbi isina simbi haiwanzo kutorwa sechinhu chine porous mupfungwa yechinyakare nekuti haitenderi zvinhu kupfuura nyore. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti nzvimbo dzesimbi dzisina tsvina dzinogona kuchinjwa kuti dziite zvishoma kana zvishoma, zvichienderana nekugadzirisa kupedzisa kushandiswa. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo yakakwenenzverwa yesimbi isina tsvina haina porous pane yakabhurwa kana kuti sandblasted surface. Zvakare, kana simbi isina tsvina ikakuvadzwa kana kukweshwa, inogona kuita ngura zviri nyore uye inogona kubvumira zvinhu kupinda zviri nyore.
Is Aluminium Porous?
Aluminium inowanzoonekwa sesimbi ine porous nekuti inogona nyore kutora zvinwiwa nemagasi kuburikidza nepamusoro payo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti aruminiyamu inongogadzira chidimbu cheokisidhi pamusoro payo, iyo inogadzira maburi madiki ayo anogona kupfuura zvinhu. Nekudaro, iyo dhigirii yeporosity inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita senge alloy yealuminium, iyo yepamusoro pekupedzisira, uye chero machira kana marapirwo anoiswa pamusoro. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, aluminium inogona kudzikiswa muporosity kuburikidza nemaitiro akadai seanodizing kana kupfekedza nechisimbiso.
Is Steel Porous?
Zvakafanana nesimbi isina tsvina, simbi haiwanzoonekwa sechinhu chine porous mupfungwa yechinyakare. Nekudaro, iyo porosity yesimbi inogona kuenderana nezvakawanda zvinhu, senge chaiyo mhando yesimbi, iyo yepamusoro pekupedzisira, uye chero machira kana marapirwo anoiswa pamusoro. Semuenzaniso, mamwe marudzi esimbi anogona kunge ane chimiro chakavhurika chezviyo uye anowanzo kukora kana ngura, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira mukuumbwa kwepores kana cavities nekufamba kwenguva. Pamusoro pezvo, kana pamusoro pesimbi isina kunyatsokwenenzverwa kana kuchengetedzwa, inogona kuve yakawanda uye inotapukirwa nekuora kana mamwe maitiro ekuora.
Ndeapi Anozivikanwa Porous Metal Zvigadzirwa Pamusika?
Ehe, pane akati wandei anozivikanwa porous simbi zvigadzirwa pamusika. Zvimwe zvezvinonyanyozivikanwa zveporous metal zvigadzirwa ndezvi:
5.1 Perforated Metal Plate
Aya simbi dzakapfava ane inodzorwa porosity inogona kushandiswa kusefa, kuparadzira uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
Kazhinji inogadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina, titanium kana nickel alloys.
5.2 Porous Metal Tube
Aya machubhu machubhu ane inodzorwa porosity inogona kushandiswa kusefa, aeration, uye mamwe maapplication.
Kazhinji inogadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina kana titanium.
5.3 Porous Aluminium Plate
Aya ndiwo mashizha akatsetseka ealuminium ane inodzorwa porosity inogona kushandiswa kusefa, kupararira uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai seaerospace uye mota.
5.4. Perforated Aluminium Plate
Aya ndiwo mashizha akatsetseka ealuminium ane inodzorwa porosity inogona kushandiswa kusefa, kupararira uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai semagetsi nemidziyo yekurapa.
5.5 Porous Metal Foam
Aya maumbirwo akareruka matatu-dimensional akagadzirwa nesimbi ane controlled porosity.
Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai sesimba, aerospace uye mota kune zvikumbiro zvakaita seanopisa kupisa,
catalytic converters uye ruzha insulation.
mukupedzisa
Muchidimbu, simbi dzinogona kuve porous nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana senge simbi yekugadzira maitiro, kuratidzwa kune corrosive.
nharaunda, kana chinangwa chekushandiswa. Porous simbi dzine akawanda maapplication mumaindasitiri akasiyana uye zvimiro zvavo zvinogona kuva
inowedzerwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa chaizvo. Porosity mumasimbi inofanira kuongororwa kuti ive nechokwadi chemhando yavo uye kuvimbika. With zvakakodzera
zviyero, porosity musimbi inogona kuderedzwa, zvichikonzera kusimba uye kusimba kwesimbi zvigadzirwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-09-2023
